Wrappers
- class category_encoders.wrapper.PolynomialWrapper(feature_encoder: BaseEncoder)[source]
Extend supervised encoders to n-class labels, where n >= 2.
The label can be numerical (e.g.: 0, 1, 2, 3,…,n), string or categorical (pandas.Categorical). The label is first encoded into n-1 binary columns. Subsequently, the inner supervised encoder is executed for each binarized label.
The names of the encoded features are suffixed with underscore and the corresponding class name (edge scenarios like ‘dog’+’cat_frog’ vs. ‘dog_cat’+’frog’ are not currently handled).
The implementation is experimental and the API may change in the future. The order of the returned features may change in the future.
- Parameters:
- feature_encoder: Object
an instance of a supervised encoder.
Methods
fit_transform(X[, y])Fit to data, then transform it.
get_metadata_routing()Get metadata routing of this object.
get_params([deep])Get parameters for this estimator.
set_output(*[, transform])Set output container.
set_params(**params)Set the parameters of this estimator.
fit
transform
- fit_transform(X, y=None, **fit_params)[source]
Fit to data, then transform it.
Fits transformer to X and y with optional parameters fit_params and returns a transformed version of X.
- Parameters:
- Xarray-like of shape (n_samples, n_features)
Input samples.
- yarray-like of shape (n_samples,) or (n_samples, n_outputs), default=None
Target values (None for unsupervised transformations).
- **fit_paramsdict
Additional fit parameters.
- Returns:
- X_newndarray array of shape (n_samples, n_features_new)
Transformed array.
- class category_encoders.wrapper.NestedCVWrapper(feature_encoder, cv=5, shuffle=True, random_state=None)[source]
Extends supervised encoders with the nested cross validation on the training data to minimise overfitting.
For a validation or a test set, supervised encoders can be used as follows:
X_train_encoded = encoder.fit_transform(X_train, y_train) X_valid_encoded = encoder.transform(X_valid)
However, the downstream model will be overfitting to the encoded training data due to target leakage. Using out-of-fold encodings is an effective way to prevent target leakage. This is equivalent to:
X_train_encoded = np.zeros(X.shape) for trn, val in kfold.split(X, y):
encoder.fit(X[trn], y[trn]) X_train_encoded[val] = encoder.transform(X[val])
- This can be used in place of the “inner folds” as discussed here:
See README.md for a list of supervised encoders.
Discussion: Although leave-one-out encoder internally performs leave-one-out cross-validation, it is actually the most overfitting supervised model in our library. To illustrate the issue, let’s imagine we have a totally unpredictive nominal feature and a perfectly balanced binary label. A supervised encoder should encode the feature into a constant vector as the feature is unpredictive of the label. But when we use leave-one-out cross-validation, the label ratio cease to be perfectly balanced and the wrong class label always becomes the majority in the training fold. Leave-one-out encoder returns a seemingly predictive feature. And the downstream model starts to overfit to the encoded feature. Unfortunately, even 10-fold cross-validation is not immune to this effect:
To decrease the effect, it is recommended to use a low count of the folds. And that is the reason why this wrapper uses 5 folds by default.
Based on the empirical results, only LeaveOneOutEncoder benefits greatly from this wrapper. The remaining encoders can be used without this wrapper.
- Parameters:
- feature_encoder: Object
an instance of a supervised encoder.
- cv: int or sklearn cv Object
if an int is given, StratifiedKFold is used by default, where the int is the number of folds.
- shuffle: boolean, optional
whether to shuffle each classes samples before splitting into batches. Ignored if a CV method is provided.
- random_state: int, RandomState instance or None, optional, default=None
if int, random_state is the seed used by the random number generator. Ignored if a CV method is provided.
Methods
fit(X, y, **kwargs)Calls fit on the base feature_encoder without nested cross validation
fit_transform(X[, y, X_test, groups])Creates unbiased encodings from a supervised encoder as well as infer encodings on a test set :param X: array-like, shape = [n_samples, n_features] Training vectors for the supervised encoder, where n_samples is the number of samples and n_features is the number of features. :param y: array-like, shape = [n_samples] Target values for the supervised encoder. :param X_test, optional: array-like, shape = [m_samples, n_features] or a tuple of array-likes (X_test, X_valid...) Vectors to be used for inference by an encoder (e.g. test or validation sets) trained on the full X & y sets. No nested folds are used here :param groups: Groups to be passed to the cv method, e.g. for GroupKFold :param fit_params: :return: array, shape = [n_samples, n_numeric + N] Transformed values with encoding applied. Returns multiple arrays if X_test is not None.
get_metadata_routing()Get metadata routing of this object.
get_params([deep])Get parameters for this estimator.
set_output(*[, transform])Set output container.
set_params(**params)Set the parameters of this estimator.
transform(X)Calls transform on the base feature_encoder without nested cross validation
- fit_transform(X, y=None, X_test=None, groups=None, **fit_params)[source]
Creates unbiased encodings from a supervised encoder as well as infer encodings on a test set :param X: array-like, shape = [n_samples, n_features]
Training vectors for the supervised encoder, where n_samples is the number of samples and n_features is the number of features.
- Parameters:
y – array-like, shape = [n_samples] Target values for the supervised encoder.
optional (X_test,) – array-like, shape = [m_samples, n_features] or a tuple of array-likes (X_test, X_valid…) Vectors to be used for inference by an encoder (e.g. test or validation sets) trained on the full X & y sets. No nested folds are used here
groups – Groups to be passed to the cv method, e.g. for GroupKFold
fit_params –
- Returns:
array, shape = [n_samples, n_numeric + N] Transformed values with encoding applied. Returns multiple arrays if X_test is not None